During the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), the government invited merchants to deliver grain in return for salt certificates with which merchants drew salt as reward. The salt certificate therefore represented a national debt, denominated in salt, the government thereby owed merchants. A speculative market of salt certificates was created in Yangzhou and brought into being powerful f...(展开全部)

During the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), the government invited merchants to deliver grain in return for salt certificates with which merchants drew salt as reward. The salt certificate therefore represented a national debt, denominated in salt, the government thereby owed merchants. A speculative market of salt certificates was created in Yangzhou and brought into being powerful f...(展开全部)

Approaching its demise, the Ming imperial administration enlisted members of the Cheng family as mercenaries to help in the defense of the coastal waters of Fukien. Under the leadership of Cheng Chih-lung, also known as Nicolas Iquan, and with the help of the local gentry, these mercenaries became the backbone of the empire’s maritime defense and the protectors of Chinese comme...(展开全部)

Approaching its demise, the Ming imperial administration enlisted members of the Cheng family as mercenaries to help in the defense of the coastal waters of Fukien. Under the leadership of Cheng Chih-lung, also known as Nicolas Iquan, and with the help of the local gentry, these mercenaries became the backbone of the empire’s maritime defense and the protectors of Chinese comme...(展开全部)

https://www.routledge.com/China-in-the-Eyes-of-the-Japanese/Xiuli-Wei-Yunxiang/p/book/9780367685843 The relation between China and Japan is one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world but how did the Japanese view China in ancient times? How did views change throughout the course of history? How could China’s image be improved in Japanese people’s eyes? This ...(展开全部)

https://www.routledge.com/China-in-the-Eyes-of-the-Japanese/Xiuli-Wei-Yunxiang/p/book/9780367685843 The relation between China and Japan is one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world but how did the Japanese view China in ancient times? How did views change throughout the course of history? How could China’s image be improved in Japanese people’s eyes? This ...(展开全部)

Italian Architecture of the 16th Century is the last published work of the legendary Colin Rowe, the fruit of his four-year collaboration with Leon Satkowski, a Rowe student and author of Giorgio Vasari: Architect and Courtier. The book is a testament to the buildings, architects, and artists Rowe most deeply appreciated. For the millions of travelers who flock to Italy to see ...(展开全部)